- [Instructor] For IoT system,
the application layer does not have to be separate
from the physical layer.
As a matter of fact,
sometimes they are merged as in this common example
of an IoT system used in our daily lives.
Here is a smartwatch monitoring heart rates.
The physical layer includes the smartwatch
and the smartphone device.
The communication layer is the wireless internet connection
and the application layer is the app inside the phone.
So the device itself is the physical layer
and the app inside the phone is the application layer.
An example that is used daily is Apple Watch.
Apple Watch is a smart device,
one of its application is heart monitoring.
The heart's rate can be checked from the device itself
or using a smartphone app.
The app is called Heart Rate app.